The Mayan Empire
Between about 300 and 900 A.D., the Maya were responsible for a number of remarkable scientific achievements–in astronomy, agriculture, engineering and communications. This affects Hawaii and world because the finding impacted how we look at stuff, and how we were taught things. The Hawaiian people especially one example is that they used what was around them like the the stars to find things and thats how and wha they taught the kids. And it is still being taught and used today.
(Contributed by Mariyah Mossman)
The three contributions that the Mayan civilization had to the modern world are that the Mayans developed an advanced language and writing system which is known today as books, the Mayans had very advanced medicine, and Mayan agriculture was highly advanced for that time period. These 3 contributions are some of the many contributions the Mayans had to the modern world. The development of an advanced language & writing system was really important to the modern world because without it, the school system today would not be where it is, and retaining any knowledge would be through memory and storytelling. “The Maya writing system is considered by archaeologists to be the most sophisticated system ever developed in Meso-America. The Maya wrote using 800 individual signs or glyphs, paired in columns that read together from left to right and top to bottom” says the historymusesum.com (Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Writing and hieroglyphics, 2021). The Mayans were also very advanced in their medicine. The Mayans used a combination of religion and science, as well as pure mind power to be as advanced in medicine as they were. “The Mayas sutured wounds with human hair, reduced fractures, and used casts. They were skillful dental surgeons and made prostheses from jade and turquoise and filled teeth with iron pyrite. Three clinical diseases, pinta, leishmaniasis, and yellow fever, and several psychiatric syndromes were described” (GARCIA-KUTZBACH, 1976). The Mayans were a very smart group of people who figured out that they could use materials around them to counter-act diseases and heal the wounds caused to their bodies. The last contribution that was found to have shaped the modern world into what it is today is the Mayan agriculture. The Mayans were very sophisticated farmers |
and used techniques that were able to keep a huge population fed. “Ancient Maya people were clever and hardworking farmers who used a variety of techniques to raise enough food to feed the large populations in Maya cities. Their sophistication can be compared to other ancient empires such as the Egyptians” (root, 2014). The Mayans were one of the first empires that were able to feed a whole civilization.
The most important contribution that the Mayans had to the modern world is their advanced medicine. Without their discoveries in medicine, humans today would not have nearly as advanced knowledge of medicine as they do. The Mayans found ways to heal by using more than just religion, they use scientific knowledge. They were one of the first civilizations that were skilled in dental surgery and the fixing of teeth. “The Mayans practiced a form of modern dentistry and were very advanced for their time. These ancient dentists filled cavities, cleaned tartar with copper instruments, and removed teeth” (Fresh Dental Care, 2016). The Mayans were performing dental work that was way more advanced than any other civilization of their time. They also believed that if one got sick, it was because they were being punished for a mistake or transgression. Only certain people in the Mayan civilization were able to heal others. “Medicine was an everyday part of Mayan life. It involved a complex blend of Mind, Body, Religion, Ritual and Science. Medicine was only practiced by a few and they usually inherited the job and received extra education. The Maya related sickness with being possessed of their soul by supernatural beings. For this reason sick people had to undergo rituals, mind cleansing and often herbal remedies” (Maya, 2012). The Mayans perform rituals as well as use herbal/natural remedies to fix or heal the disease.
This project as a whole was difficult at times but with the help of my group mates as well as kumu, I was able to complete my work. Some of the challenges I ran into while working on the project was finding a substantial amount of evidence from credible sources. Also finding enough information to fully understand the content I was learning was difficult for me. Some challenges I ran into for the collaboration process was just having a lack of communication at some points. The group and I worked really well together and everyone contributed their part and did an amazing job at staying up to date with their assignments. Learning more about the Mayan Civilization and how it works really helped me to understand why the world is the way it is. The Mayans contributed significantly to modern day medicine, astrology, writing, as well as agriculture systems of today's world. Learning about the Mayans helped me to realize how a civilization works and the traits it takes to run a civilization.
The most important contribution that the Mayans had to the modern world is their advanced medicine. Without their discoveries in medicine, humans today would not have nearly as advanced knowledge of medicine as they do. The Mayans found ways to heal by using more than just religion, they use scientific knowledge. They were one of the first civilizations that were skilled in dental surgery and the fixing of teeth. “The Mayans practiced a form of modern dentistry and were very advanced for their time. These ancient dentists filled cavities, cleaned tartar with copper instruments, and removed teeth” (Fresh Dental Care, 2016). The Mayans were performing dental work that was way more advanced than any other civilization of their time. They also believed that if one got sick, it was because they were being punished for a mistake or transgression. Only certain people in the Mayan civilization were able to heal others. “Medicine was an everyday part of Mayan life. It involved a complex blend of Mind, Body, Religion, Ritual and Science. Medicine was only practiced by a few and they usually inherited the job and received extra education. The Maya related sickness with being possessed of their soul by supernatural beings. For this reason sick people had to undergo rituals, mind cleansing and often herbal remedies” (Maya, 2012). The Mayans perform rituals as well as use herbal/natural remedies to fix or heal the disease.
This project as a whole was difficult at times but with the help of my group mates as well as kumu, I was able to complete my work. Some of the challenges I ran into while working on the project was finding a substantial amount of evidence from credible sources. Also finding enough information to fully understand the content I was learning was difficult for me. Some challenges I ran into for the collaboration process was just having a lack of communication at some points. The group and I worked really well together and everyone contributed their part and did an amazing job at staying up to date with their assignments. Learning more about the Mayan Civilization and how it works really helped me to understand why the world is the way it is. The Mayans contributed significantly to modern day medicine, astrology, writing, as well as agriculture systems of today's world. Learning about the Mayans helped me to realize how a civilization works and the traits it takes to run a civilization.
References:
What is the importance of a writing system to a civilization according to Guns, Germs, and Steel? - eNotes.com. (2012, July 24). ENotes. https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-is-the-importance-of-a-writing-system-to-a-350209
Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Writing and hieroglyphics. (2021). Historymuseum.ca. https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc04eng.html
GARCIA-KUTZBACH, A. (1976). Medicine Among the Ancient Maya. Southern Medical Journal, 69(7), 938–940. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-197607000-00045
Fresh Dental Care. (2016, March 12). The Mysteries of the Mayan Molars – Dentistry in the Ancient Mayan World. Freshdentalcare. https://www.freshdentalcare.co.uk/post/the-mysteries-of-the-mayan-molars-dentistry-in-the-ancient-mayan-world
Root. (2014, July 27). Mayan Farming and Maya Agricultural Methods. History; History. https://www.historyonthenet.com/mayan-farming
Maya. (2012). Health Issues - Ancient Maya. Google.com. https://sites.google.com/site/ancientmayarebeccap/health-issues
What is the importance of a writing system to a civilization according to Guns, Germs, and Steel? - eNotes.com. (2012, July 24). ENotes. https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-is-the-importance-of-a-writing-system-to-a-350209
Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Writing and hieroglyphics. (2021). Historymuseum.ca. https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc04eng.html
GARCIA-KUTZBACH, A. (1976). Medicine Among the Ancient Maya. Southern Medical Journal, 69(7), 938–940. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-197607000-00045
Fresh Dental Care. (2016, March 12). The Mysteries of the Mayan Molars – Dentistry in the Ancient Mayan World. Freshdentalcare. https://www.freshdentalcare.co.uk/post/the-mysteries-of-the-mayan-molars-dentistry-in-the-ancient-mayan-world
Root. (2014, July 27). Mayan Farming and Maya Agricultural Methods. History; History. https://www.historyonthenet.com/mayan-farming
Maya. (2012). Health Issues - Ancient Maya. Google.com. https://sites.google.com/site/ancientmayarebeccap/health-issues
(Contributed by Dustin Palama)
The contributions of empires have shaped the modern world because without the Mayans not making the contribution of developing an advanced language and writing system, then we wouldn't necessarily not have books however it probably wouldn't be in the same format that books are in and it would probably make it much more harder to just simply read a book. This is why I think people should know about this contribution because this is a very big part of our modern world today and it continues to shape our modern world. The second contribution is that Mayans had very advanced medicine that ultimately saved many lives to people who were injured, sick or worse and if it weren't for these very advanced medicines then sadly many people would've not survived through illnesses that spread and injures would just worse because there is no medicine to heal the pain and also would've ended up dead sometimes. This is why I think people should know about this contribution because much like the first contribution this is a very big part of our modern world today and this also continues to evolve much like the first contribution in that medications will only get more advanced from here on out and this will forever much like the first contribution continue to shape our modern world. The third and last contribution is that Mayan agriculture was highly advanced during a certain time period and this is very important because we get many of our foods and consumables from farms and by the Mayans having a highly advanced farm land that means they had a lot of land with many farms and these farms were very productive and these are the foods and drinks that the Mayans survived on during this period of time. This is why people should know about |
this contribution because like the other two contributions this is a very big part of our modern world today and all of these contributions continue to evolve till this day and itʻs contributions from the past that will help us get a better understanding of how we can shape our future and all of these contributions continue and will forever shape our modern world.
Out of the three contributions that my group and I choose I would personally say that the second contribution that I mentioned being Mayans had very advanced medicine is the most significant contribution out of all three contributions because like I said before with Mayans having advanced medicines it helped their society and people live longer than other societies because they had many cures for injures, sicknesses and illnesses etc. because of their advanced medicines. And these are the medicines that now in the modern world are more global to help many injuries, sicknesses and illnesses and these medicines will only evolve and become more advanced into bigger things even in our modern world.
Some challenges/discoveries that I encountered in the research and collaboration process was really only with the research part, the collaboration was there as my fellow peers and classmates did an amazing job doing their part however doing research was kinda challenging because for some of the information I was looking for most of the websites said the same thing however for the rest of the information different sources were saying different things therefore it was hard to try and find the right information but thatʻs why I just cited many sources with all information. The role and contributions of my empire/nation helps me better to understand our world today because all of the contributions people need to know about our empire/nation apply to our world today in that we all read books, take different medicines to heal pain and survive off an economy of farms and knowing that the Mayans started some of this helped me understand how far we came from then. What I learned about my empireʻs contributions tells me about the future of empires/nations that an empire/nation can pave the way and innovate things that can affect the future and will always continue to evolve and become more advanced from first starting in that empire and advancing into the whole world.
Out of the three contributions that my group and I choose I would personally say that the second contribution that I mentioned being Mayans had very advanced medicine is the most significant contribution out of all three contributions because like I said before with Mayans having advanced medicines it helped their society and people live longer than other societies because they had many cures for injures, sicknesses and illnesses etc. because of their advanced medicines. And these are the medicines that now in the modern world are more global to help many injuries, sicknesses and illnesses and these medicines will only evolve and become more advanced into bigger things even in our modern world.
Some challenges/discoveries that I encountered in the research and collaboration process was really only with the research part, the collaboration was there as my fellow peers and classmates did an amazing job doing their part however doing research was kinda challenging because for some of the information I was looking for most of the websites said the same thing however for the rest of the information different sources were saying different things therefore it was hard to try and find the right information but thatʻs why I just cited many sources with all information. The role and contributions of my empire/nation helps me better to understand our world today because all of the contributions people need to know about our empire/nation apply to our world today in that we all read books, take different medicines to heal pain and survive off an economy of farms and knowing that the Mayans started some of this helped me understand how far we came from then. What I learned about my empireʻs contributions tells me about the future of empires/nations that an empire/nation can pave the way and innovate things that can affect the future and will always continue to evolve and become more advanced from first starting in that empire and advancing into the whole world.
References:
Ancient Mayan Facts, Worksheets, Origins & History For Kids. (2019, July 8). KidsKonnect. https://kidskonnect.com/history/ancient-mayan/
McFadden, C. (2018, August 18). The Mayans were the most advanced civilization in Meso-America in their day. Here are some of Mayan inventions. Interestingengineering.com; Interesting Engineering. https://interestingengineering.com/9-incredible-mayan-inventions-and-achievements-and-one-they-surprisingly-missed
Top 10 Inventions of the Mayan Civilization. (2017, August 14). Ancient History Lists. https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/maya-history/top-10-inventions-of-mayan-civilization/
Anirudh. (2017, February 26). 10 Major Achievements of the Ancient Maya Civilization | Learnodo Newtonic. Learnodo-Newtonic.com. https://learnodo-newtonic.com/mayan-achievements
Ancient Mayan Facts, Worksheets, Origins & History For Kids. (2019, July 8). KidsKonnect. https://kidskonnect.com/history/ancient-mayan/
McFadden, C. (2018, August 18). The Mayans were the most advanced civilization in Meso-America in their day. Here are some of Mayan inventions. Interestingengineering.com; Interesting Engineering. https://interestingengineering.com/9-incredible-mayan-inventions-and-achievements-and-one-they-surprisingly-missed
Top 10 Inventions of the Mayan Civilization. (2017, August 14). Ancient History Lists. https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/maya-history/top-10-inventions-of-mayan-civilization/
Anirudh. (2017, February 26). 10 Major Achievements of the Ancient Maya Civilization | Learnodo Newtonic. Learnodo-Newtonic.com. https://learnodo-newtonic.com/mayan-achievements
(Contributed by Sami-Maimiti Anderson)
The three contributions that we picked were the advanced language and writing system which is now known as book, advanced medicine, and Mayan agriculture was highly advanced for that time period. The mayans were advanced with language and writing because they were costly finding and learning new ways through whom they interacted. The Mayans and many other countries used stories they were told in the past to help shape their writing and language. The Mayans” The unit of the Maya writing system is the glyphic cartouche, which is equivalent to the words and sentences of a modern language.” in ways we didn't even notice the mayans impacted our modern day words and sentences. The Mayans had advanced medicine. This impacted the modern world because “Mayan medical practice was a complex blend of mind, body, religion, ritual and science.” The Mayans used different kinds of ways to help the human body and nowadays that's what we do more often we use different resources. Not saying they created it but them doing it impacted because other countries could have started using it. Lastly their agriculture was highly advanced. For example “ The Maya created arable land by using a "slash-and-burn" technique to clear the forests. They planted maize and secondary crops such as beans, squash, and tobacco.” (“Mayan Medicine | The British Association of Urological Surgeons Limited,” 2018). This impacted the modern world because slash- and burn technique helped people with their work and sooner was phased up by other countries and it helped places all over. The most important one would have to be advanced medicine. The reason why this is the most important is because if you are sick and there's no medicine to help get you better you can't go back to work or take care of your family. But that's stating the obvious. Medicine in general helped impact the modern world because like |
mentioned it helps us identify problems and fix them with scientific findings. To go more in depth about how The Mayans advanced medicine impacted the modern world “Mayan medicine was quite advanced, and though they equated sickness with the supernatural, research has shown that a high percentage of Mayan surgeries were based on rational observations via the effects of plants and the human body. Yes, many of the shamans were ahead of their time, and were known to sutured wounds with human hair, and even perform complex oral surgeries.”(“Mayan Medicine | The British Association of Urological Surgeons Limited,” 2018). The Mayans were also advance and ahead of time because the did have more advanced technology than other countries. This is why The Mayans' advanced medicine was the most important.
During this project it sounded super hard when we first were told about it but after a while it started to get easier. After we started and separated the topics we will research, that's when it started getting a little hard just because we had to research. I haven't really encountered any challenges with my fellow group members because they all did their work and we just worked on our own. I really enjoyed this group because when I needed help I asked them and they helped right away. I definitely had challenges with the research process. The challenge was that after researching for a certain amount of time at some point I was taking notes and when I went to cite the article I realized it was Wikipedia and at that point I had to go and delete all the notes I took and had to start over. It was my fault but it did take awhile and was a challenge. A discovery that I found is that the Mayans even existed. I didn't know that the mayans were even a thing, it was really interesting learning about a culture that i never knew anything about. Out of this whole project is something new I discovered. For me it was really amazing learning more about their trade and their weapons. When researching the weapons I was fascinated about their weapons and how they used their resources around them.
During this project it sounded super hard when we first were told about it but after a while it started to get easier. After we started and separated the topics we will research, that's when it started getting a little hard just because we had to research. I haven't really encountered any challenges with my fellow group members because they all did their work and we just worked on our own. I really enjoyed this group because when I needed help I asked them and they helped right away. I definitely had challenges with the research process. The challenge was that after researching for a certain amount of time at some point I was taking notes and when I went to cite the article I realized it was Wikipedia and at that point I had to go and delete all the notes I took and had to start over. It was my fault but it did take awhile and was a challenge. A discovery that I found is that the Mayans even existed. I didn't know that the mayans were even a thing, it was really interesting learning about a culture that i never knew anything about. Out of this whole project is something new I discovered. For me it was really amazing learning more about their trade and their weapons. When researching the weapons I was fascinated about their weapons and how they used their resources around them.
References:
Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Writing and hieroglyphics. (2021). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Historymuseum.ca website: https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc04eng.html
Mayan Medicine | The British Association of Urological Surgeons Limited. (2018). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Baus.org.uk website: https://www.baus.org.uk/museum/88/mayan_medicine
Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Maya society. (2021). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Historymuseum.ca website: https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc12eng.html
cms-decommissioning. (2018). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Who.int website: https://www.who.int/home/cms-decommissioning
Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Writing and hieroglyphics. (2021). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Historymuseum.ca website: https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc04eng.html
Mayan Medicine | The British Association of Urological Surgeons Limited. (2018). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Baus.org.uk website: https://www.baus.org.uk/museum/88/mayan_medicine
Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Maya society. (2021). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Historymuseum.ca website: https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc12eng.html
cms-decommissioning. (2018). Retrieved June 30, 2021, from Who.int website: https://www.who.int/home/cms-decommissioning
(Contributed by Aulana Rogan)
The 3 contributions that Mayans had a developed advanced language and writing system which is known today as books, the Mayans had very advanced medicine, and Mayan agriculture was highly advanced for that time period. The maya writing system was considered by archaeologists to be the most sophisticated system ever developed in Meso-America. They used 800 individual signs of glyphs, pair in columns that read from left to right and top to bottom. They created the maya script, or in other words the maya glyphs. The Mayans language was Yucatec Maya which was commonly spoken in Mexico. The medicine that they used for wounds was very interesting. They sutured wounds, human hair, reduced fractures, and casts. There were dental surgeons who made prostheses from jade and turquoise and filled teeth with iron pyrite. Depending on the ailment, Mayans used plants for medicine. They boiled plants and put it in herbal drinks and/or baths, eaten raw, snorted, smoked, or inserted into one of the body's orifices. The Mayans used a technique called “slash-and-burn” to clear forests. They planted maize and secondary crops including beans, squash, and tobacco. In the highlands to the west, they terraced the slopes on mountainsides; in the lowlands, they cleared the jungle for planting. Farming was really important to the Mayans. Most people grew their own crops in small fields which helped them keep track of the time of year when to plant and harvest them. The contribution that I think is the most important is good agriculture. The reason why I picked it is that it's super important to have a good agriculture foundation and base in order to evolve in agriculture. Most of the resources come from the land. So if good resources are required then we need to take care of land. To Hawaiians malama the ʻāina because if they care for the land then the land will take care of them. Farming was really important to the Mayans. Most people grew their own crops in small fields which helped them |
keep track of the time of year when to plant and harvest them. Maya used simple wooden digging sticks to till the soil and plant crops. A primitive hoe was also used (a flat stone head attached to a wooden shaft) but the Maya lacked tools capable of turning over soil impregnated with deeply rooted grass. In order to survive we need food and shelter. We get all those resources from the land.
My process of completing this project was not that bad I would say. Researching about this empire was pretty simple and easy. On the other hand, pictures were pretty hard to find because the part I had of this empire was religion and their beliefs. It was hard finding pictures that weren't very gore and like blood/ripping out peopleʻs organs and stuff so that was very hard/challenging. This definitely helped my understanding of different nations and empires and showed me that every nation is different in their own unique way. And that everyone has different beliefs in things like a nation could believe in more than one God but then another nation could believe there is only one God. There isnʻt a wrong answer I would say, everyone believes in different things. I learned that the Mayan empire created the writing system and that if they didn't, life would be so much harder. Also they used techniques that farmers use in agriculture/farming today. And it wouldn't be if the Mayans didn't do it first. This empire could improve the future nations by maybe the writing may be improved and that society would be organized and in check.
My process of completing this project was not that bad I would say. Researching about this empire was pretty simple and easy. On the other hand, pictures were pretty hard to find because the part I had of this empire was religion and their beliefs. It was hard finding pictures that weren't very gore and like blood/ripping out peopleʻs organs and stuff so that was very hard/challenging. This definitely helped my understanding of different nations and empires and showed me that every nation is different in their own unique way. And that everyone has different beliefs in things like a nation could believe in more than one God but then another nation could believe there is only one God. There isnʻt a wrong answer I would say, everyone believes in different things. I learned that the Mayan empire created the writing system and that if they didn't, life would be so much harder. Also they used techniques that farmers use in agriculture/farming today. And it wouldn't be if the Mayans didn't do it first. This empire could improve the future nations by maybe the writing may be improved and that society would be organized and in check.
References:
Maya civilization. Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Maya society. (n.d.). https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc12eng.html#:~:text=The%20Maya%20created%20arable%20land,cleared%20the%20jungle%20for%20planting
History.com Editors. (2009, October 29). Maya. History.com. https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-americas/maya
Mayan Farming and Maya Agricultural Methods. History. (2018, April 11). https://www.historyonthenet.com/mayan-farming
Maya civilization. Civilization.ca - Mystery of the Maya - Maya society. (n.d.). https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/maya/mmc12eng.html#:~:text=The%20Maya%20created%20arable%20land,cleared%20the%20jungle%20for%20planting
History.com Editors. (2009, October 29). Maya. History.com. https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-americas/maya
Mayan Farming and Maya Agricultural Methods. History. (2018, April 11). https://www.historyonthenet.com/mayan-farming
LEADERS
Kōkua/ Helpfulness - Simon Bolivar & Eddie Aikau
(Contributed by Mariyah Mossman)
The most important leader trait that Simon Bolivar shows is Kōkua. Kōkua means helpfulness. Kōkua is one of the more important traits that Simon carried because one of his main accomplishments was freeing thousands of people from the Spanish rule. Simon was a very forefront leader. He accomplished many things in his reign. Some of these things included freeing thousands of people from the Spanish rule. He freed cities such as Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Colombia & Bolivia. He was an accomplished Venezualian soldier and statesman.Study.com states “Bolívar was a revolutionary leader in the independence wars of South America and strove to liberate colonies from the Spanish Empire. He led Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Ecuador, and Peru to their independence and even briefly united them as a single nation called Gran Colombia” (Study.com, 1). Gerhard Masur of Britannica states, “Simón Bolívar, byname The Liberator or Spanish El Libertador, (born July 24, 1783, Caracas, Venezuela, New Granada [now in Venezuela]—died December 17, 1830, near Santa Marta, Colombia), Venezuelan |
|
soldier and statesman who led the revolutions against Spanish rule in the Viceroyalty of New Granada” (Masur, 1). These citations prove the point that Simon Bolivar’s main trait is kōkua. He shows that he is for the people and he always wants to help in many many ways. Some of the ways are shown above. He freed so many people from the spanish rule. He gave people the freedom they craved. One of the quotes that Simon said was “A people who love freedom will in the end be free” Simon knew that a lot of people wanted and craved freedom. He felt as though he needed to give it to them, and in the end he did. He was seen as a great leader and a hero to most.
The trait that is most important that this leader shows is Hoʻohiki. This is the trait that is most important because Eddie Aikau always kept his promises no matter the situation. Eddie Aikau was a very reliable man. He could always be counted on to follow through with his kuleana. He always made rescues even if the waves were towering over him. He was very brave and would go out in 20 feet high waves to make a single rescue. He also saved over 500 people from the ocean. Eddie would risk his life in 20 feet high waves to make a single rescue. “Not one life was lost while he served as lifeguard at Waimea Bay. Eddie braved surf that often reached 20 feet high or more to make a rescue” (Eddie Aikau, 2021) states Hokulea.com. CSM states, “As the first lifeguard at Waimea Bay, Aikau saved over 500 lives and became famous for riding big Hawaiian surf, winning several awards including the 1977 Duke Kahanamoku Invitational Surfing Championship.” (CSM, 2019). Eddie Aikau was a very reliable man who always kept his promises and did his kūleana. He also put the people around him first and ensured their safety. Eddie Aikau sadly passed away, but he passed away doing what he loved most. Eddie was on a double-hull voyaging canoe when the boat seemed to have a leak in it. The boat capsizes and Eddie leaves the canoe to go to try to find help. He was never seen again after that. Jon Rogers of The Sun states, “The double-hulled voyaging canoe set sail on March 16, 1978 but it later developed a leak in one of its hulls and later capsized around 12 miles south of the island of Molokai. Eddie then set off on his surfboard in a bid to get help” (Rogers, 2019). Eddie Aikau always showed Hoʻohiki and always lived out his promises. He was a true inspiration to many, and a leader in disguise. Both leaders showed tremendous amounts of kōkua throughout their lifetimes.
The trait that is most important that this leader shows is Hoʻohiki. This is the trait that is most important because Eddie Aikau always kept his promises no matter the situation. Eddie Aikau was a very reliable man. He could always be counted on to follow through with his kuleana. He always made rescues even if the waves were towering over him. He was very brave and would go out in 20 feet high waves to make a single rescue. He also saved over 500 people from the ocean. Eddie would risk his life in 20 feet high waves to make a single rescue. “Not one life was lost while he served as lifeguard at Waimea Bay. Eddie braved surf that often reached 20 feet high or more to make a rescue” (Eddie Aikau, 2021) states Hokulea.com. CSM states, “As the first lifeguard at Waimea Bay, Aikau saved over 500 lives and became famous for riding big Hawaiian surf, winning several awards including the 1977 Duke Kahanamoku Invitational Surfing Championship.” (CSM, 2019). Eddie Aikau was a very reliable man who always kept his promises and did his kūleana. He also put the people around him first and ensured their safety. Eddie Aikau sadly passed away, but he passed away doing what he loved most. Eddie was on a double-hull voyaging canoe when the boat seemed to have a leak in it. The boat capsizes and Eddie leaves the canoe to go to try to find help. He was never seen again after that. Jon Rogers of The Sun states, “The double-hulled voyaging canoe set sail on March 16, 1978 but it later developed a leak in one of its hulls and later capsized around 12 miles south of the island of Molokai. Eddie then set off on his surfboard in a bid to get help” (Rogers, 2019). Eddie Aikau always showed Hoʻohiki and always lived out his promises. He was a true inspiration to many, and a leader in disguise. Both leaders showed tremendous amounts of kōkua throughout their lifetimes.
References:
Masur, G. S. (n.d.). Bolivia of Sim n Bol var. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar/Bolivia.
Dublin, N. (2004, August 11). S imon Bolivar. The MY HERO Project. https://myhero.com/Bolivar_bailey_es_06.
Pettinger, T. (2020, March 22). Simon Bolivar Biography: Biography Online. https://www.biographyonline.net/politicians/amerian/simon-bolivar.html
CSM. (2019, April 9). Eddie Aikau - California Surf Museum. Retrieved June 24, 2021, from California Surf Museum website: https://surfmuseum.org/archive-exhibit/eddie-aikau/#:~:text=As%20the%20first%20lifeguard%20at,Duke%20Kahanamoku%20Invitational%20Surfing%20Championship.
Rogers, J. (2019, May 4). Who was Eddie Aikau, when did he die and what was his cause of death? Google Doodle honours life and... Retrieved June 24, 2021, from The Sun website: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/9002748/eddie-aikau-lifeguard-surfer-google-doodle/
C SM. (2019, April 9). Eddie Aikau - California Surf Museum. Retrieved June 24, 2021, from California Surf Museum website: https://surfmuseum.org/archive-exhibit/eddie-aikau/#:~:text=As%20the%20first%20lifeguard%20at,Duke%20Kahanamoku%20Invitational%20Surfing%20Championship
Eddie Aikau. (2021). Retrieved June 24, 2021, from Hokulea.com website:
http://archive.hokulea.com/index/founder_and_teachers/eddie_aikau.html
Masur, G. S. (n.d.). Bolivia of Sim n Bol var. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar/Bolivia.
Dublin, N. (2004, August 11). S imon Bolivar. The MY HERO Project. https://myhero.com/Bolivar_bailey_es_06.
Pettinger, T. (2020, March 22). Simon Bolivar Biography: Biography Online. https://www.biographyonline.net/politicians/amerian/simon-bolivar.html
CSM. (2019, April 9). Eddie Aikau - California Surf Museum. Retrieved June 24, 2021, from California Surf Museum website: https://surfmuseum.org/archive-exhibit/eddie-aikau/#:~:text=As%20the%20first%20lifeguard%20at,Duke%20Kahanamoku%20Invitational%20Surfing%20Championship.
Rogers, J. (2019, May 4). Who was Eddie Aikau, when did he die and what was his cause of death? Google Doodle honours life and... Retrieved June 24, 2021, from The Sun website: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/9002748/eddie-aikau-lifeguard-surfer-google-doodle/
C SM. (2019, April 9). Eddie Aikau - California Surf Museum. Retrieved June 24, 2021, from California Surf Museum website: https://surfmuseum.org/archive-exhibit/eddie-aikau/#:~:text=As%20the%20first%20lifeguard%20at,Duke%20Kahanamoku%20Invitational%20Surfing%20Championship
Eddie Aikau. (2021). Retrieved June 24, 2021, from Hokulea.com website:
http://archive.hokulea.com/index/founder_and_teachers/eddie_aikau.html
Aloha /Koa / Aliʻi Hoʻomalu Pono - Bernardo Oʻhiggins & Hina Wong Kalu
(Contributed by Sami-Maimiti Anderson)
Bernardo Oʻhiggins most important trait was Koa. The reason why Koa is his most important trait is that of Bernardo OʻHiggins is because he was a good leader and soldier. Bernardo Oʻ Higgins won a lot of wars and led his people into victory. Oʻhiggins was in charge of the ragged rebel army and he also fought the Spanish from 1810 to 1818, when Chile achieved its independence. Because he was a war leader when the war was over after his position was in danger. Oʻhiggins had six memorable fights. "The Battle of Sorpresa del Roble, The Battle of Rancagua, The Retreat of O'Higgins, Cross the Andes,The Battle of Chacabuco, The Battle of Maipú." (“Bernardo O’Higgins,” 2021).Although there weren't as many wars as you may have thought he won a nice handful of wars. His famous saying was “ Live with honor or die with glory. He who is brave, follow me!”.(“Bernardo O’Higgins | Chilean head of state | Britannica,” 2021). This is why one of his important traits is Koa. Hina wong-Kalu most important trait was Aloha. It was her most important because she worked with young kids, adults, teens, and kupunas. Because she |
|
worked and interacted with many different people with different ages and ethnicities, She had to show aloha no matter what. Most importantly she was a principal/teacher and a kumu hula. She showed aloha to all her students when she worked with them and their parents. For Example Like i mentioned, she was principle at Halau Lokahi and she also taught there, she was also a kumu hula. Another example is when she went to mauna kea, and standing rock which is a pipe that runs through native land and near residential water supplies in North Dakota. The reason why this is important is because that had nothing to do with native Hawaiian people but she flew up there to help the native Americans because we're both indigenous. To me that screamed aloha because she stood up for everyone and stood up for what she believed in.
References:
Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.). Bernardo O'Higgins. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bernardo-OHiggins.
Minster, C. (n.d.). Biography of Bernardo O'Higgins, Liberator of Chile. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/bernardo-ohiggins-2136599.
Bernardo O'Higgins. Tripline. (n.d.). https://www.tripline.net/trip/Bernardo_O'Higgins-4332644764461005AE7DC5DDE9ADD8C7.
Filmmakers | Kumu Hina. (2014). Retrieved June 23, 2021, from Kumu Hina website: https://kumuhina.com/filmmakers
Pu’uhonua o Pu’uhuluhulu Mauna Kea. (2019). Retrieved June 23, 2021, from Facebook.com website: https://www.facebook.com/puuhuluhulu/
Wong, H. (n.d.). Kū Haʻaheo (In key of A). Retrieved from website: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d34aee654c6af0001463826/t/5d3fc07434c2af0001417a4b/1564459124645/Printable+Ku+Haaheo+%26+Hawaii+Loa+Jam+4+Maunakea+Lyrics.pdf
References:
Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.). Bernardo O'Higgins. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bernardo-OHiggins.
Minster, C. (n.d.). Biography of Bernardo O'Higgins, Liberator of Chile. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/bernardo-ohiggins-2136599.
Bernardo O'Higgins. Tripline. (n.d.). https://www.tripline.net/trip/Bernardo_O'Higgins-4332644764461005AE7DC5DDE9ADD8C7.
Filmmakers | Kumu Hina. (2014). Retrieved June 23, 2021, from Kumu Hina website: https://kumuhina.com/filmmakers
Pu’uhonua o Pu’uhuluhulu Mauna Kea. (2019). Retrieved June 23, 2021, from Facebook.com website: https://www.facebook.com/puuhuluhulu/
Wong, H. (n.d.). Kū Haʻaheo (In key of A). Retrieved from website: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d34aee654c6af0001463826/t/5d3fc07434c2af0001417a4b/1564459124645/Printable+Ku+Haaheo+%26+Hawaii+Loa+Jam+4+Maunakea+Lyrics.pdf
Kūlia i Ka Nuʻu - Manuel Piar & Eddie Aikau
|
(Contributed by Aulana Rogan)
Eddie Aikauʻs most important trait was Kūlia i ka nuʻu. The trait Kūlia i ka nuʻu means achievement and I think that this identified Eddie Aikau more than the other traits because he strived for his goals and never gave up. Eddie Aikau was the most loving, heartfelt man. He cared about his people and the land and water. He achieved many big things and is known for these things. Eddie Aikau was a good man and was introduced to other people to remind them to reach for your goals and dreams. Eddie Aikau challenged the biggest waves on offer in the Hawaiian Islands. As a competitor his best contest result was a win in the 1977 Duke Kahanamoku Invitational Surfing Championship. He saw the big wave surfing contest not as a competition but as a personal goal. His dreams were to reach the height of his inspirations. (Greg Noll, Mike Stang, George Downing, John Kelly, and Sammy Lee). This shows that Kūlia i ka nuʻu is Eddie Aikauʻs most identified trait because it shows his motivation and courage toward things. |
Manuel Piarʻs most important trait was ʻānunu. The trait ʻānunu means greedy and this shows most of Manuel Piar because he was selfish and only cared about himself. Although Manuel Piar was a good, talented young man he used his talent for the wrong purposes. He had conquered many land but only kept fighting for power. He was accused of conspiracy to kill all white criollos (a person of pure Spanish descent born in Spanish America), destroy the republican system of equality, and seize power as a tyrant. This shows that ʻĀnunu is Manuel Piarʻs most identified trait because it shows that he was self-obsessed and independent.
References:
Manuel Piar. Military Wiki. (1817, October 16). https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Manuel_Piar
Escamilla, L. (2020, February 25). Manuel Carlos Piar (1782-1817) •. •. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/piar-manuel-carlos-1782-1817/
Escamilla, L. (2020, February 25). Manuel Carlos Piar (1782-1817) •. •. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/piar-manuel-carlos-1782-1817/
Manuel Piar. Military Wiki. (1817, October 16). https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Manuel_Piar
CARLOS MANUEL PIAR and PEDRO LUIS BRION: CARAVANS STRUGGLING TOGETHER WITH SIMON ANTONIO BOLIVAR Y PALACIOS FOR LIBERATION FROM COLONIALISM AND RACISM Carlos Manuel Piar, Simn Bolivar and Palacios Pedro Luis Brin CARIBBEAN UNITY AND INTEGRATION. AfroCubaWeb. (n.d.). https://afrocubaweb.com/eugenegodfried/piar-brion.htm
P.por: (2020, October 16). A propósito del juicio y fusilamiento de Manuel Piar: Condena de Muerte. Turimiquire.net. https://www.turimiquire.net/2020/10/16/a-proposito-del-juicio-y-fusilamiento-de-manuel-piar-condena-de-muerte/
SurferToday.com, E. at. (n.d.). The surfing life story of Eddie Aikau. Surfertoday. https://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/the-surfing-life-story-of-eddie-aikau
Independent Digital News and Media. (2013, November 9). Sporting Heroes: Eddie Aikau, the bravest surfer of all. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/others/sporting-heroes-eddie-aikau-bravest-surfer-all-8930254.html
Sanders, M. (2019, March 22). Eddie Aikau Invitational Opening Ceremony Kicks Off at Waimea Bay. Surfline. https://www.surfline.com/surf-news/eddie-aikau-invitational-opening-ceremony-kicks-off-waimea-bay/39888
Manuel Piar. Military Wiki. (1817, October 16). https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Manuel_Piar
Escamilla, L. (2020, February 25). Manuel Carlos Piar (1782-1817) •. •. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/piar-manuel-carlos-1782-1817/
Escamilla, L. (2020, February 25). Manuel Carlos Piar (1782-1817) •. •. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/piar-manuel-carlos-1782-1817/
Manuel Piar. Military Wiki. (1817, October 16). https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Manuel_Piar
CARLOS MANUEL PIAR and PEDRO LUIS BRION: CARAVANS STRUGGLING TOGETHER WITH SIMON ANTONIO BOLIVAR Y PALACIOS FOR LIBERATION FROM COLONIALISM AND RACISM Carlos Manuel Piar, Simn Bolivar and Palacios Pedro Luis Brin CARIBBEAN UNITY AND INTEGRATION. AfroCubaWeb. (n.d.). https://afrocubaweb.com/eugenegodfried/piar-brion.htm
P.por: (2020, October 16). A propósito del juicio y fusilamiento de Manuel Piar: Condena de Muerte. Turimiquire.net. https://www.turimiquire.net/2020/10/16/a-proposito-del-juicio-y-fusilamiento-de-manuel-piar-condena-de-muerte/
SurferToday.com, E. at. (n.d.). The surfing life story of Eddie Aikau. Surfertoday. https://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/the-surfing-life-story-of-eddie-aikau
Independent Digital News and Media. (2013, November 9). Sporting Heroes: Eddie Aikau, the bravest surfer of all. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/others/sporting-heroes-eddie-aikau-bravest-surfer-all-8930254.html
Sanders, M. (2019, March 22). Eddie Aikau Invitational Opening Ceremony Kicks Off at Waimea Bay. Surfline. https://www.surfline.com/surf-news/eddie-aikau-invitational-opening-ceremony-kicks-off-waimea-bay/39888