Evolution to Revolution
Ancient Civilizations
Alexander vs. Asoka
Evolution to Revolution
Alexander vs. Asoka
Evolution to Revolution
Skyler Remata
References
Image: Did Hindu king Ashoka convert to Buddhism after Kalinga War? Twitter questions history books. (n.d.). Free Press Journal. https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/did-hindu-king-ashoka-convert-to-buddhism-after-kalinga-war-twitter-questions-history-books Website: Lasley, R. (2020, March 6). People Don’t Change Their Values, They Change Their Behavior. The Abilities | J. Reese Lasley. https://theabilities.com/people-dont-change-their-values-they-change-their-behavior/ |
Leadership character traits of a leader can change the value system of their people and themselves. A value is something that people consider to be important. A value system is a system/set of values. Asoka was an Indian leader and was a powerful warrior who had slain many. However he regretted this, and because of his humility he pursued the religion and values of Buddhism. Humility means to be humble and modest, and this was one of the leadership traits Asoka had. He had started his reign in India with lots of war and he expanded his empire by battling wars utilizing elephants. However, after seeing the atrocities he committed he decided that it was too much for him and that he wanted to convert himself and his people to Buddhists. He did many things because of this, such as banning sport hunting, becoming vegetarian, teaching others to value the lives of everything, allowing prisoners one day a year to go back into society, and sought for the recognition of human sanctity. He also built shrines and Stupas and sent out missionaries to preach the word of Buddhism (John Green Buddha and Ashoka Crash Course). However the Buddhism that he brought to India was more of a spinoff, not actual Buddhism, and once Asoka died, Buddhism in India died with him. But while he was alive all of the people under him worshipped Buddhism, like Asoka, and followed the value system that it brought. So, with religion comes its value system. And depending on the traits of the leader, like the humility of Asoka, will change the religion, and thus the value beliefs of those under them.
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Nalani Wooton
The resources/ʻāina can be leveraged by a leader in the Middle Ages because leaders can lead their people to take territory to gain more resources, or in the case of the crusades, take it for religious reasons. Leadership character traits can influence this by making the leaders be able to leverage more, or less, resources into their grasp based on their approach to the situation. An example of this is when the Mongols took over lots of land to gain more territory and to get access to more resources like grass for their animals or gold to trade. Genghis Khan was able to leverage resources into his Empire by using military force and political alliances (History.com Editors, 2019). Leaders in the feudal system on the other hand leveraged food or resources from peasants, who dealt with them by giving protection to them in return for a percentage of their products. It was important for the Mongols to be able to gain resources without needing to fight because this would allow them to save their armies to fight bigger empires to gain their resources and land. Genghis Khan of the Mongols was able to rally their people together to create grand armies which allowed them to win many fights. Without the traits of Genghis Khan like being persuasive and being inspiring, most people probably would not want to side with him to fight to gain more land. He was also open to new ideas like freedom of religion and gender equality, so people from other empires they took over would be willing to fight with him under his rule because they had rights and felt they were on equal terms with everyone else. With the feudalism form of government, lords will give protection to peasants in return for a percentage of the resources they make (Green, 2012). This is a way for leaders to collect and pool their resources from their people. Since the lords had protection and were able to convince the peasants to make the deal with them, they were more successful with getting their resources. But if they weren't convincing, then the peasants may go to someone else for protection. Genghis Khan and the lords in feudalism were leaders who were able to leverage resources into their hands by using different leadership traits that make others more willing to help them out.
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References
Image: https://www.facebook.com/rakeshkrishnan. (2018, February 15). Wrecking Machine: When the Pagan Mongols Nearly Wiped Out Islam | IndiaFacts. IndiaFacts. http://indiafacts.org/wrecking-machine-pagan-mongols-nearly-wiped-islam/ Video: CrashCourse. (2012). The Dark Ages...How Dark Were They, Really?: Crash Course World History #14 [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QV7CanyzhZg |
Christian Nakihei
Reference
Inglis-Arkell, E. (2017, May 9). The Mongols built an empire with one technological breakthrough. Ars Technica; Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/05/the-mongols-built-an-empire-with-one-technological-breakthrough/ |
Geography can impact the land and resources a group controls, which can further influence how a group behaves towards other groups. The geography a group controls is the area around them. Different regions have different resources. It leads to certain groups having more assets than others. The way these groups use these resources can impact theʻāina both negatively and positively. The way a group interacts with its resources also affects the way they behave towards other groups. Even further, groups of people would try to expand their nation because of a desire for assets. For example, the Mongol Empire was an enormous empire that was rich in resources. They used their resources to create many inventions, mainly military inventions such as the stirrup. According to Ars Technica, “...many historians believe their power stemmed from an incredibly simple technological innovation: the stirrup.” (Inglis-Arkell, 2017). It caused them to act hostile towards the groups around them. If the head of a group did not surrender, they would kill the leader; In some cases, the whole village. The Mongol Empire was able to get immense because of the way they used their resources. The reason they expanded their empire was that they wanted assets. The ʻāina were able to flourish because of the expansion of this empire. There was a spread of culture, innovation, and peace throughout the nation. It connects to the point of geography. If the Mongols did not have access to the resources they used to build their military, they would not have expanded as much as they did. They needed more resources as a result of using them, so they needed to grow. As you can see, geography plays a big part in groups of people and the resources and ʻāina around them.
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Reese PienaThe role that the sustainability rights would play in leveraging resources whether it be human resources or land resources, would be huge. Because of Article #3, which is “You have the right to live and to live in safety”, then leaders need to ensure that the resources are used to make sure that the people have access to clean water and sanitation. The 30 sustainability rights are reasons and rules that leaders should take into account and try to follow these rules, such as Article #3. Queen Liliuokalani did it by trying to fight to keep the Hawaiian Monarchy alive. But, places nowadays struggle to follow the sustainability rights like China. In some areas of China, they struggle to have clean sources of water available. In the Huangzhong district in Xining City, there is a water crisis. It used to be in poverty, but in April of 2019, it pulled everyone out of the severe poverty zone. Even though the city made it out of poverty, they didn’t solve another problem, access to clean drinking water. “...the Health Commission of Qinghai listed Huangzhong as one of 18 areas in the province where the local government accomplished targeted efforts in eliminating fluoride poisoning from drinking water.” But thanks to a non-profit called MyH2O, now the Huangzhong district in Xining City has access to drinkable water. You see, if world leaders just followed the sustainability rights, then their communities will be flourishing in no time.
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APA Citations:
Wikipedia Contributors. (2021, July 13). Liliʻuokalani. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lili%CA%BBuokalani |
The Rise of Empires
Guns, Germs, and Steel
Middle Ages & Crusades
Kingdom of Heaven
Middle Ages & Crusades
Kingdom of Heaven
Skyler RemataEvery region is different, so there are different resources that can be used for different things. During the middle ages, or the “dark ages,” China was having a golden age during their Tang and Song Dynasties. Because of this, around 1840 the Opium Wars started between China and Britain since Britain wanted a portion of the trade China was getting. Another example is the takeover of the Inca Empire. Conquistador Francisco Pizarro wanted gold, so when he and his men stumbled upon the Incas they ended up annihilating them in the end. They took a room full of gold given by the Emperor of the empire because they demanded it (National Geographic Guns Germs and Steel). Both Francisco, China, and Britain sought after control of these resources.
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However, not every motivation was because one nation wanted more resources, there were other developed nations with plentiful natural resources. An example of this is when Saladin wished to take Jerusalem, because it had a Muslim history. Balian however wished to defend Jerusalem because it held Christian values. Both nations they come from had many resources, were very powerful, and wanted control over this city due to its religious value (John Green The Crusades Crash Course). Also, another reason why Francisco Pizarro took down the Incas was simply because he wanted glory and he wanted to be well known. These 3 figures had many natural resources, but mainly sought for control for their own personal gains.
Image References
History.com Editors. (2018, September 12). Francisco Pizarro. HISTORY; A&E Television Networks. https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/francisco-pizarro Latin Surrender to Saladin, 1187 CE. (n.d.). World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 6, 2021, from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/9120/latin-surrender-to-saladin-1187-ce/ |
Some things that can help shape a leaderʻs decision making are their religious beliefs and their value systems. Leaders of the crusades and Balian based many of their decisions off of their religion. The crusaders wanted to take back the Holy Lands because they thought it was the will of God. Balian based his decisions on the fact of trying to keep the Holy city Jerusalem. For these people, religion was a major part of their lives and beliefs, which makes sense why many of their decisions were based on their religion. Value systems also played a part with decisions being made by the leader Atahualpa and Balian. Atahualpa valued his own freedom over the financial security of his people which led to the loss of his life and the gold of his people. When Balian and the Christians were fighting against the Muslims and losing, Balian surrendered to save their lives (Scott, 2005). He did this because he valued the lives of his people more than the city of Jerusalem. Different belief systems can play big parts in peopleʻs decisions and choices, whether it be in a positive or negative manner.
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Nalani Wooton Leaders can make big differences in their society, positive and negative. Some examples of this are with the leader Atahualpa, the various leaders of the crusades, and a leader of the Christians in Jerusalem, Balian. The leader Atahualpa was captured by the Spanish he made a deal with them to get his freedom back (Lambert, 2004). They told him that if he gave them lots of gold they would let him go, but once they got the gold, they killed him leaving his people poor and broke. In this case, his wish to gain his freedom cost the well-being of his people and their wealth. The various leaders of the crusades were sometimes successful with claiming the Holy Lands back, but this had negative and positive outcomes. There were many losses of lives in the crusades and they sometimes wouldn't even complete their goals. This showed that their decisions could influence the number of people lost, and the resources they expend just to claim their Holy Land back. Going into further detail with the crusades, the leader Balian had to make many decisions for the people of Jerusalem. He got them to fight back against the Muslims, but he made a smart decision to surrender when they probably weren't gonna win to save the lives of the people. This helped to influence society because they lost Jerusalem, but he was able to save many lives. These leaders were able to influence their societies in different ways, but these decisions are sometimes influenced by other aspects.
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Citations:
How did Balian of Ibelin convince the Dowager Queen of Jerusalem to marry him? - Quora. (2021). Quora.com. https://www.quora.com/How-did-Balian-of-Ibelin-convince-the-Dowager-Queen-of-Jerusalem-to-marry-him
Jones, D. (2019, October 10). What the Far Right Gets Wrong About the Crusades. Time; Time. https://time.com/5696546/far-right-history-crusades/
randy7845. (2009). Guns, Germs and Steel 12/18 [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NpTw3sj4yQ
Nerdfighteria Wiki - The Crusades - Pilgrimage or Holy War?: Crash Course World History #15. (2012). Nerdfighteria.info. https://nerdfighteria.info/v/X0zudTQelzI
Kingdom of Heaven - For Educational Use | Prime Video.webm. (2021). Kingdom of Heaven - For Educational Use | Prime Video.webm. Google Drive. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1C0tTYk2TkuV8e83xUDvvmEQGT0lvIAS0/view
How did Balian of Ibelin convince the Dowager Queen of Jerusalem to marry him? - Quora. (2021). Quora.com. https://www.quora.com/How-did-Balian-of-Ibelin-convince-the-Dowager-Queen-of-Jerusalem-to-marry-him
Jones, D. (2019, October 10). What the Far Right Gets Wrong About the Crusades. Time; Time. https://time.com/5696546/far-right-history-crusades/
randy7845. (2009). Guns, Germs and Steel 12/18 [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NpTw3sj4yQ
Nerdfighteria Wiki - The Crusades - Pilgrimage or Holy War?: Crash Course World History #15. (2012). Nerdfighteria.info. https://nerdfighteria.info/v/X0zudTQelzI
Kingdom of Heaven - For Educational Use | Prime Video.webm. (2021). Kingdom of Heaven - For Educational Use | Prime Video.webm. Google Drive. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1C0tTYk2TkuV8e83xUDvvmEQGT0lvIAS0/view
Christian Nakihei One society’s value system can impact their decisions and policies of control over another society if their society has a desire. Every society and individual has one or more desires. Their wants can be simple. Some may want land, others money. However, it’s the actions they do to achieve what they want that cause them to impact another society. Whether the action creates a big change or a small change, it is up to them.
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Societies can impact other civilizations in this way, positively and negatively. For example, the Europeans saw that Africa was rich in resources and decided to enslave Africans because they wanted money. The crusaders fought other societies because they wanted to take their Holy Land. History.com says, “The Crusades were a series of religious wars... started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred…” (History.com Editors, 2010). Balian surrendered to Salidan as he wished for peace. All of this happened because of desire. In conclusion, societies do impact other civilizations because of their wants.
References:
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. (2019). The Crusades (1095–1291). Metmuseum.org. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/crus/hd_crus.htm Amanda Briney. (2019). Discover the Age of Exploration. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/age-of-exploration-1435006 History.com Editors. (2010, June 7). Crusades. HISTORY; HISTORY. https://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages/crusades |
Citations:
Pollution During the Industrial Revolution. (2019, December). Brewminate. https://brewminate.com/pollution-during-the-industrial-revolution/ |
Reese PienaThe next logical step would be to try and follow the UN sustainability rights. In Guns, Germs and Steel, the clean water and sanitation was a problem, especially with the Industrial Revolution. Sanitation was at an all-time low because of all the pollution. Obviously, we don’t live in those times anymore, but pollution is still a problem to this day. Also, not everyone in the world is fortunate enough to have clean water, too. This is just one example and it only relates to this one UN sustainability right. But, think about it. What would happen if we didn’t try to follow the UN sustainability rights? Where would we be now?
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Production, Expansion, & Revolution
Industrial Revolution & Class Dichotomy
Silk Roads,Exploration, Expansion & Enlightenment
Case Study of the French Revolution (Revolutions)
Silk Roads,Exploration, Expansion & Enlightenment
Case Study of the French Revolution (Revolutions)
These factors are and are not prevalent in America and Hawaiʻi today. While ideas are still being innovated and revolutionized, the Technological Revolution has already ended. New revolutionary technologies are probably ideas, still being worked on. As for resources, they are being run dry. Because of this, hopefully new ideas for how to solve this problem will be created. Maybe we’ll have another revolution geared towards restoring our planet. There are videos of people creating drones that are built to plant trees in places where it’s dangerous for humans, and revolutionary ideas still may come to those who wish to revolt against their government (Rita Kalaukoa Age of Revolutions Powerpoint). As of now though, resources are the only factor in Hawaiʻi and America that may spur on a revolution. Revolutionary ideas of opposing the government are not that prevalent, but it may happen if there is an unfair leader or representative for Hawaiʻi.
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Skyler Remata The Age of Revolutions was a time in history where all types of revolutions occured, such as the Industrial or the French Revolutions. Similar factors as to why this age started can be found in the revolutions I just mentioned and the Silk Road. These factors are ideas and resources. A revolution is a revolt against the government by the people, typically they either want a new government or a new leader . However, the Industrial Revolution was a time when everything became industrialized. Now, revolutionary ideas are needed for any kind of revolution to happen, whether it's industrial or an overthrow. Resources are also needed or wanted and a cause for the revolutions. The French Revolution was a revolt against King Louis XVI, the reason why they decided to retaliate was because people became enlightened about how they could overthrow the King if they tried. Also, revolutionary ideas from America started to inspire the French, and a lack of resources in France inspired them to revolt even more. The Industrial Revolution started because of one resource, coal. Coal was being used as fuel for the beginnings of the steam engine, and the steam engine used to be a revolutionary idea (John Green Industrial Revolution Crash Course). Finally, the Silk Road was a trade route of unique resources between empires, nations, and countries. Resources weren't the only thing traded on the silk road, ideas, religions, and beliefs were as well. Eventually, all these resources and ideas would create an age of revolutions, revolutionary ideas spread across the world, and the want for resources led to the whole world becoming industrialized as well.
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Image References:
Mark Rober and MrBeast Team Up to Plant 20 Million Trees. (n.d.). Discovery. https://www.discovery.com/nature/mark-rober-and-mrbeast-have-teamed-up-to-plant-20--million-trees
Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, January 29). Steam engine. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_engine
Mark Rober and MrBeast Team Up to Plant 20 Million Trees. (n.d.). Discovery. https://www.discovery.com/nature/mark-rober-and-mrbeast-have-teamed-up-to-plant-20--million-trees
Wikipedia Contributors. (2019, January 29). Steam engine. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_engine
Nalani Wooton
Some of the things that were “exchanged” from the Flipped Lecture ”Industrial Revolution & Class Dichotomy” were ideas about government types. One of the factors at play that made people want to expand was the need for more resources, and resources they didn't have, to create new inventions during the Industrial Revolution. The idea of Communism was first introduced by philosopher Karl Marx who believed that after Capitalism ran its course, then a form of government that made everyone equal financially would take its place (The Curious Classroom, 2013). This idea eventually spread around the world and a few different governments decided to take this on like China. This idea of Communism was only able to spread by people sharing the ideas with each other. Even the idea of Capitalism was likely spread around the world through trading during the Industrial Revolution. This is one of the most common types of governing because it's a way to get people to work hard, then give them time to relax later in life. It's important that this idea was spread throughout the world because this is a method that many countries use now, and it helped to shape many different societies during and after the Industrial Revolution. In Europe specifically, they had lots of coal so they were able to create more inventions that ran on coal. But, they needed new materials to experiment with to create new inventions. So, they had to expand around the world to find new resources they didn’t have enough of, or access to. Since the Industrial Revolution occurred, this caused Europe to want more resources for their empires, which led to them becoming more advanced. Without this factor to cause exploration, then people around the world wouldnʻt have known there were others out there, which meant they couldnʻt trade with each other and colonize smaller groups for resources. The Industrial Revolution and Class Dichotomy are important because of the trading of ideas, and the exploration of the world.
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In the 9th Flipped Lecture “The Silk Road, Exploration, Expansion, & Enlightenment” products, diseases, and religions were said to be traded on the Silk Roads through traveling. Two factors that helped cause expansion across the world was the want for foreign products, and the creation of “cash crops”. Some products that were traded along the Silk Roads were jade, iron, silk, ivory, foreign foods, and cotton textiles. These products were important to trade because most of these were exclusive to one, or a few areas in the entire world. So, trading them across the world allowed for more places to have these other resources they didn’t have. This allowed many places to be able to expand their empires because they traded these rare products since they sold them for high prices (Green, 2012). Diseases were also passed along the Silk Road, disease traveled through people with immunities, which then led to the diseases being transmitted to those without said immunities. Some of these diseases are smallpox and malaria, which were spread through the Silk Roads. The spread of these diseases made it easier for nomads to travel because they were exposed to a lot of them, so they were more immune.These diseases also caused problems for growing empires who didn't know how to deal with them. A famous spread of a disease from a recent Flipped Lecture is the spread of the Flu after World War I. Since many people were traveling during that time to fight and discuss the Treaty of Versailles, they brought back the Flu to their countries. Soon enough, everyone who has never been in contact with it contracted the virus, and around 50 million people died because of its spread (Akana, 2021). In a way this was a good thing because according to the Malthusian Flux theory, without events like epidemics, then the population can grow unregulated. If unregulated for too long however, there will be a rise in poverty, hunger, and wars that go on. Religions were also passed through the Silk Roads, Buddhism specifically was majorly spread. This allowed for many religions to be spread across the world and gain more followers through hearing different traders and travelers share their beliefs. This was important because it helped Buddhism become one of the five main religions because of its spread across Eurasia and parts of Africa. Expansion was partially because people wanted to have access to different products from other countries that they couldn't get in their countries because of climates or geography. Some examples of things people in Europe wanted were exotic spices like cinnamon and peppercorns as well as silk which is known to be very pricey because it's rare and hard to make. These wants of the population caused Europe to spread to more of Asia to trade to get these foreign items, this helped with the expansion of their empires. But to be able to pay for these expenses, empires needed a lot of money, or things to trade, which created the concept of “cash crops.” An example of “cash crops” is the sugar cane crops here in Hawaiʻi which became a major source of income until all the farms closed down. These were made solely for the purpose of making money, and that's important because it allowed us to import the resources we need here that we don't have because of how isolated we are. The information that is said in this Flipped Lecture is helpful to explain different things that were traded among empires and why expansion of empires was done.
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The information in Flipped Lecture #11 “Revolutions” are important to the idea of colonies revolting against their rulers because of the success of the other revolutions. Some of these revolutions can also explain why expansion occurred to take over these colonies in the first place. Hearing about different colonies gaining their independence spread throughout many parts of the world, which allowed for other colonies to want to gain their own freedom. If this idea of revolting didnʻt get spread, then there would probably still be many colonies being controlled by powerful nations. Expansion partially started to gain more land and resources which can be obtained through having colonies. This caused France and Spain to want to take over Mexico and Venezuela. Before they could take over they had to expand to other parts of the earth to be able to obtain these places. In a way, America was a “cash crop” for England, because England heavily taxed them for money for their government, and to help pay for resources they used in war (Kalaukoa, Wooton, Kahele, Rogan, Gibson, 2021). This was helpful for England because it allowed them to gain a lot of money without having to do much of anything except keep the Americans from retaliating against the system. This heavy taxing was eventually a reason that the Americans rebelled against the English to try and gain their independence. These revolutions were able to affect the expansion of Europe to gain more resources and money as well as trading the idea of rebelling against your rulers to gain freedom which affected many revolutions in the future.
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Additional Sources:
Discover the History of Sugar Plantations in Hawaii | Grove Farm. (2011, September 8). Grove Farm |. https://grovefarm.org/kauai-history/
FL #13 The InterWar Years. (2021). FL #13 The InterWar Years. Google Docs. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1xxr4nzMnkyRMyzzXigFltjZC9WFmfWOBmNGzLcKTw1g/edit#slide=id.ge49c084180_0_1019
Photo Citations:
Silk Road | Facts, History, & Map | Britannica. (2021). In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Silk-Road-trade-route
Biography. (2014, November 11). Karl Marx. Biography; Biography. https://www.biography.com/scholar/karl-marx
History.com Editors. (2009, October 29). Revolutionary War. HISTORY; HISTORY. https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-history
Discover the History of Sugar Plantations in Hawaii | Grove Farm. (2011, September 8). Grove Farm |. https://grovefarm.org/kauai-history/
FL #13 The InterWar Years. (2021). FL #13 The InterWar Years. Google Docs. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1xxr4nzMnkyRMyzzXigFltjZC9WFmfWOBmNGzLcKTw1g/edit#slide=id.ge49c084180_0_1019
Photo Citations:
Silk Road | Facts, History, & Map | Britannica. (2021). In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Silk-Road-trade-route
Biography. (2014, November 11). Karl Marx. Biography; Biography. https://www.biography.com/scholar/karl-marx
History.com Editors. (2009, October 29). Revolutionary War. HISTORY; HISTORY. https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-history
Christian Nakihei
Karl Marx did not have an enormous effect on the industrial age but had an impact on the people in the industrial age. He showed people that they should be treated fairly. At the time of Marx, many monarchies were switching to democracy. It means that things were now privately owned by wealthy people. Poor people had to find jobs in factories to afford this new way of life. They often had terrible working conditions, were starving, and could barely afford to live. In the meantime, the wealthy were making money off of their labor. Karl Marx saw this and thought that this was not far. He created the philosophical idea of communism and thought that everything should be equal. Although this idea was not 100% accepted, it did help people realize that they deserve better for the work they are doing. Karl Marx impacted lives by showing people to be against class stratification.
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Money created a class stratification and divided people in the 1500s. When the Europeans arrived in the Americas, they saw it as a place to build wealth. Instead of working themselves, they decided to enslave Africans for free labor. From 1500-1870, the Atlantic Slave trade transported over 11 million Africans to the Americas. This class stratification was terrible for the Africans. The Africans were treated as property and not like humans. The journey to the Americas, called the Middle Passage, lasted 3-4 months. Africans would be chained in boats with terrible living conditions. They would be chained in rows and stacked up on shelves like wine bottles. Many of them died from disease during this trip. The cause of this was money. Europeans did not want to pay for labor, so they found an evil way to get free work.
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Class stratification because of money can be seen in the Kingdom of France. Your life heavily depended on the amount of money you had. In France, there were three houses. The 1st house had the most money while the 3rd house had the least. The 1st house, mainly royalty and nobles, lived a luxurious lifestyle. They had delicious meals, lavish houses, and beautiful clothing. People in the 1st house enjoyed these luxuries without working. The 3rd house, mainly peasants, were the ones that paid for the 1st house’s lifestyle by labor, taxes, starving, and living a horrible life. Those in the 3rd house worked the fields and were deprived of food due to the 1st house taking everything and taxing nearly everything they owned. You could never change the house you were in. Once in a house, you would stay there for the rest of your life. In this old society of France, money dictated how you lived and created class stratification.
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Image Citations:
Adryan Corcione. (2018, May 10). Who Is Karl Marx: Meet the Anti-Capitalist Scholar. Teen Vogue; Teen Vogue. https://www.teenvogue.com/story/who-is-karl-marx
Middle Passage | Definition, Conditions, Significance, & Facts | Britannica. (2021). In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Middle-Passage-slave-trade
A Guide to the French Revolution. (2015). Jacobinmag.com. https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/07/french-revolution-bastille-day-guide-jacobins-terror-bonaparte/
Adryan Corcione. (2018, May 10). Who Is Karl Marx: Meet the Anti-Capitalist Scholar. Teen Vogue; Teen Vogue. https://www.teenvogue.com/story/who-is-karl-marx
Middle Passage | Definition, Conditions, Significance, & Facts | Britannica. (2021). In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Middle-Passage-slave-trade
A Guide to the French Revolution. (2015). Jacobinmag.com. https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/07/french-revolution-bastille-day-guide-jacobins-terror-bonaparte/
Reese PienaThe ideas of the Enlightenment absolutely changed and influenced the Age of Revolutions. Just look at the idea of Marxism. In psychology, it’s an understanding of where we are today, and where we’re headed. So, everything that happened in the Enlightenment period should have some type of influence. The Silk Road was created during the Enlightenment and it paved the way for global trade. Yes, the enlightenment influenced the Age of Revolutions and carried on to present day life.
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Citations:
Mark, J. J. (2018, May). Silk Road. World History Encyclopedia; World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/Silk_Road/ |
Header References:
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